Driving Safety With a Special-Needs Child

When traveling by car, children may sometimes engage in behaviors that create safety concerns, and those with disabilities may be at a higher risk of such issues. Language delays can make it harder for them to understand instructions, which may further complicate both behavioral and physical difficulties. Traveling presents challenges for any family, but it becomes more complex when children have autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or other disabilities. Developing a strategy in advance and maintaining a calm approach can help manage these situations more effectively, making road travel more pleasant for everyone involved.

Behavioral Challenges

Children with ASD or developmental delays may exhibit behaviors that can make driving difficult or unsafe during a road trip. Common behaviors that can distract drivers include impulsiveness, hyperactivity, aggression, or difficulty following instructions. Many children go through phases where they resist being in a car seat or wearing a seat belt, but for some children with disabilities, this resistance is ongoing, making travel difficult. These issues can be even more difficult to handle when children struggle to understand the situation, as is often the case for children with limited language skills or delays.

Physical Challenges and Needs

Children with ASD may be sensitive to changes in their routines and could have specific physical needs that are challenging to manage while traveling.

Food

Many children, especially those with ASD, have specific eating habits or foods they prefer. Parents may need to ensure that they have the exact brand and packaging of their child’s favorite food, as some children are rigid in their eating preferences.

Bathroom Breaks

When planning bathroom breaks, keep in mind that public restrooms may be unsettling for kids, especially those with special needs. Public bathrooms can also complicate toilet training for children going through this process.

Sleep

Sleep disruptions are common among children with special needs during travel. Sleeping in new environments, such as hotel rooms or guest rooms, can affect sleep patterns long after the trip. Children may also want to sleep in the same room as their caregivers when they get home if they become accustomed to it during the trip.

Strategies for How to React and Stay Calm

Parents can use several strategies to manage their reactions to challenging behaviors or physical needs while traveling.

  1. Prepare for Behavior Challenges: Staying calm when children misbehave during travel can be tough, but it’s a little easier when you’re ready with strategies to help yourself calm down. Things like counting to 10, taking deep breaths, or ignoring the behavior may help. Use these strategies when frustrations arise.
  2. Set Ground Rules: It’s helpful to establish and discuss ground rules with your kids before hitting the road. Explain your expectations and remind your children of the rules if their behavior deteriorates during the trip.
  3. Provide Entertainment: Keeping kids entertained is crucial for a peaceful and safe road trip. While many parents try to limit screen time, screens can be a great tool to keep children calm and occupied during long drives. Music, audiobooks, and car games are also good alternatives.
  4. Take Breaks: If your child is becoming agitated and you feel frustrated as well, it might be time for a break. Stop at a rest area or gas station to stretch your legs and let everyone recharge.
  5. Pull Over to Stay Safe: If your child’s behavior becomes overly disruptive and becomes a dangerous distraction while you’re driving, find a safe place to pull over and wait until the situation calms down.

Car Safety Tools and Practices

There are several safety measures to take when traveling with children who have special needs.

  • Install the Right Car Seats: Recommendations for safely installing car seats will vary based on your child’s weight and height. Special-needs children may need specialized or adapted car seats to protect them in the event of a car accident. Make sure that you have the right seat and that it’s installed correctly before starting your trip.
  • Find Products to Keep Kids Safe and Comfortable: Some children with ASD may require special restraints, such as harnesses or vests, to prevent injury during travel. These products help prevent children from unbuckling their seat belts and can make them feel more comfortable during long trips.
  • Use Your Car’s Safety Features: Take advantage of your car’s child locks to prevent children from opening the door when it’s unsafe. Keep these locks engaged throughout the trip.
  • Keep an Eye on Things: If there’s no adult in the backseat, consider installing mirrors to help you keep an eye on your child.
  • Get Your Car Checked: Before hitting the road, tend to your car’s maintenance needs, such as engine oil and tire pressure.

How to Make Road Trips Fun for a Child With a Disability

Travel can be an exciting adventure for everyone, including children with disabilities. With proper planning and practice, road trips can be enjoyable for the whole family.

Before You Go

  • Acclimate Your Child to the Car: Let your child become familiar with their car seat before the trip. Explain the rules for riding in the car and allow them to adjust to being in the vehicle ahead of time.
  • Practice: Taking shorter trips before a longer journey can help children get used to the experience.
  • Anticipate the Challenges: Think about potential challenges and how to manage them before issues arise.
  • Find Exciting Stops: Include stops at places your child can look forward to, making the journey more exciting.
  • Visualize the Trip: Children with ASD can benefit from visualizing the trip and knowing when to expect stops.
  • Make a Schedule: Create a timeline for your trip, allowing extra time for stops and unexpected delays.
  • Bring Snacks: Having enough snacks can make the journey more pleasant for everyone.
  • Plan Entertainment: Ensure that there are plenty of entertainment options so your child doesn’t get bored.
  • Bring Comforts From Home: Familiar items like stuffed animals or blankets can make the car feel more comfortable.
  • Prepare to Be Flexible: Travel can be unpredictable, so it’s important to stay flexible and have patience when unexpected situations arise.

During Your Trip

  • Let Go of Expectations: Instead of aiming for the perfect trip, focus on making the journey as safe and comfortable as possible.
  • Make Frequent Stops: Many children will need breaks to stretch and rest. Plan for these stops to help prevent restlessness.
  • Use Rewards for Good Behavior: Rewards can help reinforce positive behaviors and keep children motivated during the trip.
  • Bring a Travel Pack: A special travel bag with toys and activities can make the trip more enjoyable.
  • Make a Routine: Try to maintain a sense of routine during the trip, as disruptions can be challenging for children with disabilities.

Helpful Tools

  • Sensory Kits: Sensory kits can help children with ASD manage transitions and cope with stress by providing soothing items.
  • Behind-the-Seat Organizer: An organizer can help keep your child’s belongings within their reach, allowing you to focus on the road.
  • Timer: A timer can visually cue your child to help them understand the timing of stops or activities.
  • Noise-Canceling Equipment: Noise-canceling headphones or new tires can reduce road noise and help your child feel more comfortable during the trip.
  • Weighted Blankets or Vests: These items can provide a calming effect during travel and at your destination.

Staying Secure and Comfortable Along the Way

There are a few essential things to consider for a successful trip. Whether traveling with a service animal or seeking disability-friendly businesses, these tips can make your journey more comfortable.

  • Know Your Rights: Under the Americans with Disabilities Act, children with service animals are always allowed to bring their animals with them, including in restaurants and hotel rooms. However, rules may differ for emotional support animals, which may not have the same legal protections.
  • Plan for Interactions With Others: If your child has a meltdown in public, others may judge the situation. To help, consider carrying a card explaining your child’s condition and asking for understanding.
  • Stop at ASD-Friendly Locations: Some travel destinations and accommodations are more supportive of children with autism. Resources such as Autism Double-Checked can help you find autism-friendly hotels and services.

More Help for Traveling With Children With Disabilities